DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5333
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191....3B
Section:
The Organisation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Barcons, X.
AA(ESO)
Abstract:
On 6 November 1963 ESO and the Republic of Chile started a journey together that enabled the establishment in Chile of all ESO’s observatories and telescopes so far. Despite all the challenges that the world went through over these six decades, a strong partner- ship between ESO and Chile has been forged. A vibrant user community in Chile has grown and matured, and ESO is proud to have accompanied this remarkable evolution. In this article I look at the past and present of the engagement between ESO and Chile and argue in favour of a future joint path.
References:
Barcons, X. 2022, The Messenger, 188, 3; Blaauw, A. 1991, ESO’s early history (Garching: European Southern Observatory)10

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5334
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191....6T
Section:
The Organisation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Díaz Trigo, M.; De Breuck, C.; Hatziminaoglou, E.; Rossi, S.; Schmid, E.; Zwaan, M.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(ESO) AD(ESO) AE(ESO) AF(ESO)
Abstract:
This year marks the 10th anniversary of the inauguration of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), the world’s largest radio observatory. Over the past decade, ALMA, an international collaboration in which ESO, representing its Member States, is the European partner, has revolutionised our view of the Universe from the Solar System to the most distant galaxies. ALMA has produced iconic images that have attracted worldwide attention, such as that of the planet-forming disc around the young star HL Tau, and contributed to the first image of the shadow of a black hole at the heart of the galaxy M87. In this article we look back at the main achievements of ALMA and provide an outlook into the future.
References:
ALMA Partnership et al. 2015, ApJL, 808, L3; Andreani, P. & Zwaan, M. 2006, The Messenger, 126, 43; Andrews, S. M. et al. 2018, ApJL, 869, L41; Beltran, M. T. et al. 2015, arXiv:1509.02702; Bouwens, R. J. et al. 2022, ApJ, 931, 160; Carpenter, J. et al. 2022, ALMA memo 621; Codella, C. et al. 2021, FrASS, 8, 227; Escoffier, R. P. et al. 2007, A&A, 462, 801; Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration et al. 2019, ApJL, 875, L1; Fuller, G. A. et al. 2016, arXiv:1602.02414; Hatziminaoglou, E. et al. 2015, The Messenger, 162, 24; Hodge, J. A. & da Cunha, E. 2020, Royal Society Open Science, 7, 200556; Le Fèvre, O. et al. 2020, A&A, 643, A1; Motte, F. et al. 2022, A&A, 662, A8; Öberg, K. I. et al. 2021, ApJS, 257, 1; Stoehr, F. et al. 2022, The Messenger, 187, 25; Tan, G. H. et al. 2009, The Messenger, 136, 32; Yagoubov, P. et al. 2020, A&A, 634, A46; Zwaan, M. et al. 2021, The Messenger, 184, 16

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5335
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...11B
Section:
Astronomical Science
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Bacon, R.; Brinchmann, J.; Bouché, N.; Contini, T.; Kamann, S.; Krajnović, D.; Monreal Ibero, A.; Richard, J.; Urrutia, T.; Wisotzki, L.; and the MUSE collaboration
AA(Lyon Astrophysics Research Centre, University of Lyon, CNRS, France) AB(Institute of Astrophysics and Space Science, University of Porto, Portugal) AC(Lyon Astrophysics Research Centre, University of Lyon, CNRS, France) AD(Institute for Research in Astrophysics and Planetology, CNRS, University of Toulouse, France) AE(Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, UK) AF(Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics, Potsdam, Germany) AG(Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, the Netherlands) AH(Lyon Astrophysics Research Centre, University of Lyon, CNRS, France) AI(Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics, Potsdam, Germany) AJ(Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics, Potsdam, Germany)
Abstract:
We present the scientific highlights of ten years of exploitation of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) Guaranteed Time Observations performed in the context of the MUSE collaboration. These ten years have been particularly rich in discoveries and have resulted in more than 120 refereed papers. In this article we focus on the main results, grouped into four broad topical categories: resolved stellar populations, nearby galaxies, galaxy demographics, and the circumgalactic medium.
References:
Abril-Melgarejo, V. et al. 2021, A&A, 647, A152; Bacon, R. et al. 2010, Proc. SPIE, 7735, 773508; Bacon, R. et al. 2014, The Messenger, 157, 13; Bacon, R. et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A1; Bacon, R. et al. 2021, A&A, 647, A107; Bacon, R. et al. 2023, A&A, 670, A4; Bina, D. et al. 2016, A&A, 590, A14; Boogaard, L. A. et al. 2018, A&A, 619, A27; Borisova, E. et al. 2016, ApJ, 831, 39; Bouché, N. F. et al. 2021, A&A, 654, A49; Bouché, N. F. et al. 2022, A&A, 658, A76; den Brok, M. et al. 2020, MNRAS, 491, 4089; den Brok, M. et al. 2021, MNRAS, 508, 4786; Cantalupo, S. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 483, 5188; Charlot, S. & Fall, S. M. 1993, ApJ, 415, 580; Contini, T. et al. 2016, A&A, 591, A49; Drake, A. B. et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A6; Claeyssens, A. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 489, 5022; Claeyssens, A. et al. 2022, A&A, 666, A78; Epinat, B. et al. 2018, A&A, 609, A40; Epinat, B. et al. 2023, submitted to A&A Erroz-Ferrer, S. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 484, 5009; Feltre, A. et al. 2020, A&A, 641, A118; Finley, H. et al. 2017, A&A, 605, A118; Genzel, R. et al. 2020, ApJ, 902, 98; Giesers, B. et al. 2018, MNRAS, 475, L15; Giesers, B. et al. 2019, A&A, 632, A3; González-Torà, G. et al. 2022, A&A, 658, A117; Guérou, A. et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A5; Gunawardhana, M. L. P. et al. 2020, MNRAS, 497, 3860; Hashimoto, T. et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A10; Herenz, E. C. et al. 2017, A&A, 606, A12; Herenz, E. C. et al. 2019, A&A, 621, A107; Johnson, S. D. et al. 2018, ApJL, 869, L1; Johnson, S. D. et al. 2022, ApJL, 940, L40; Kamann, S., Wisotzki, L. & Roth, M. M. 2013, A&A, 549, A71; Kamann, S. et al. 2018, MNRAS, 473, 5591; Kerutt, J. et al. 2022, A&A, 659, A183; Krajnović, D. et al. 2018, MNRAS, 477, 5327; Kusakabe, H. et al. 2022, A&A, 660, A44; de La Vieuville, G. et al. 2019, A&A, 628, A3; Leclercq, F. et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A8; Leclercq, F. et al. 2022, A&A, 663, A11; Maseda, M. V. et al. 2017, A&A, 608, A4; Maseda, M. V. et al. 2018, ApJL, 865, L1; Maseda, M. V. et al. 2020, MNRAS, 493, 5120; Mercier, W. et al. 2022, A&A, 665, A54; Monreal-Ibero, A., Weilbacher, P. M. & Wendt, M. 2018, A&A, 615, A33; Monreal-Ibero, A. et al. 2023, A&A, 674, A210; Muzahid, S. et al. 2021, MNRAS, 508, 5612; Nanayakkara, T. et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A89; Pagotto, I. et al. 2021, A&A, 649, A63; Patrício, V. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 489, 224; Richard, J. et al. 2021, A&A, 646, A83; Roth, M. M. et al. 2018, A&A, 618, A3; Schaerer, D. 2002, A&A, 382, 28; Schmidt, K. B. et al. 2021, A&A, 654, A80; Spavone, M. et al. 2021, A&A, 649, A161; Urrutia, T. et al. 2019, A&A, 624, A141; Wendt, M. et al. 2021, MNRAS, 502, 3733; Weilbacher, P. M. et al. 2018, A&A, 611, A95; Weilbacher, P. M. et al. 2020, A&A, 641, A28; Wisotzki, L. et al. 2016, A&A, 587, A98; Wisotzki, L. et al. 2018, Nature, 562, 229; Zabl, J. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 485, 1961; Zabl, J. et al. 2021, MNRAS, 507, 4294; Zoutendijk, S. L. et al. 2020, A&A, 635, A107; Zoutendijk, S. L. et al. 2021a, A&A, 651, A80; Zoutendijk, S. L. et al. 2021b, arXiv:2112.09374; Zoutendijk, S. L. 2022, PhD Thesis, Leiden University

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5336
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...18M
Section:
Astronomical Science
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Meingast, S.; Alves, J.; Bouy, H.; for the VISIONS collaboration
AA(Institute for Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Austria) AB(Institute for Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Austria) AC(Astrophysics Laboratory, University of Bordeaux, France)
Abstract:
VISIONS is a public survey that explores five nearby star-forming molecular cloud complexes. The observing programme finished in March 2022, after collecting more than one million individual images in the near-infrared passbands J, H, and K_S over a period of five years. VISIONS aims to provide a comprehensive legacy archive similar to the Two Micron All Sky Survey. In addition, multi-epoch observations facilitate proper motion measurements for sources inaccessible to Gaia. VISIONS addresses science cases related to the identification of young stars, their 3D motions, the evolution of embedded star clusters, and the characteristics of interstellar dust.
References:
André, Ph. et al. 2010, A&A, 518, L102; Alves, J., Lombardi, M. & Lada, C. J. 2014, A&A, 565, A18; Bertin, E. & Arnouts 1996, S. A&AS, 117, 393; Bertin, E. 2010a, ascl.soft, ascl:1010.063; Bertin, E. 2010b, ascl.soft, ascl:1010.068; Bouy, H. et al. 2013, A&A, 554, A101; Coccato, L., Freudling, W. & Retzlaff, J. 2021, The Messenger, 183, 20; Dunham, M. M. et al. 2015, ApJS, 220, 11; Emerson, J., McPherson, A. & Sutherland, W. 2006, The Messenger, 126, 41; Evans, N. J. et al. 2009, ApJS, 181, 321; Gaia Collaboration et al. 2016, A&A, 595, A1; Gaia Collaboration et al. 2021, A&A, 649, A1; Großschedl, J. E. et al. 2019, A&A, 622, A149; Lombardi, M. & Alves, J. 2001, A&A, 377, 1023; Lombardi, M., Alves, J. & Lada, C. J. 2011, A&A, 535, A16; McMahon, R. G. et al. 2013, The Messenger, 154, 35; Meingast, S. et al. 2016, A&A, 587, A153; Meingast, S. et al. 2023a, A&A, 673, A58; Meingast, S. et al. 2023b, A&A, 673, A59; Petr-Gotzens, M. et al. 2011, The Messenger, 145, 29; Planck Collaboration et al. 2011, A&A, 536, A1; Skrutskie, M. F. et al. 2006, AJ, 131, 1163; Zucker, C. et al. 2020, A&A, 633, A51; Zucker, C. et al. 2022, arXiv, arXiv:2212.00067

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5337
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...25C
Section:
Telescopes and Instrumentation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Concas, A.; Davies, R.; Petr-Gotzens, M.G.; Heida, M.; Kuntschner, H.; Leibundgut, B.; Marsset, M.; De Rosa, R.J.; Tacconi-Garman, L.; Wahhaj, Z.; Wevers, T.; Parraguez, D.; Blanchard, I.
AA(ESO) AB(Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany) AC(ESO) AD(ESO) AE(ESO) AF(ESO) AG(ESO) AH(ESO) AI(ESO) AJ(ESO) AK(ESO) AL(ESO) AM(ESO)
Abstract:
The Enhanced Resolution Imager and Spectrograph (ERIS) is the new near-infrared instrument at the Cassegrain focus of Unit Telescope 4 (UT4) of ESO’s Very Large Telescope. Its Science Verification (SV) was scheduled from 2 to 6 December 2022 during which time conditions were mostly good. Most of the planned SV observing programme could be accomplished. Out of 87 submitted proposals 23 observing programmes were scheduled for a total of 40 hours of observations. The allocation had assumed observations in four nights (eight hours each) and included a slight oversubscription. Five of the seven top-ranked proposals could be fully completed, the other two received partial data. In total, eleven programmes could be completed, seven were partially observed and three programmes could not be started. Some smaller technical problems with the adaptive optics affected parts of the observations.
References:
Davies, R. et al. 2023, A&A, 674, A207; Erkal, J. et al. 2021, ApJ, 919, 23; Estrella-Trujillo, D. et al. 2021, ApJ, 918, 75; Frank, A. et al. 2014, in Protostars and Planets VI, ed. Beuther, H., Klessen, R. S., Dullemond, C. P. & Henning, T., (Tucson: University of Arizona Press), 451; Garcia Lopez, R. et al. 2008, A&A, 487, 1019; Kamieneski, P. S. et al. 2023, arXiv:2301.09746; Parker R. J. 2020, Roy. Soc. Open Sci., 7, 201271; Reiter, M. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 490, 2056; Reiter, M. et al. 2020, MNRAS, 496, 394; Winter, A. J. & Haworth, T. J. 2022, EPJP, 137, 1132

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5338
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...29R
Section:
Telescopes and Instrumentation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Romaniello, M.; Arnaboldi, M.; Barbieri, M.; Delmotte, N.; Dobrzycki, A.; Fourniol, N.; Freudling, W.; Grave, J.; Mascetti, L.; Micol, A.; Retzlaff, J.; Rosse, N.; Tax, T.; Vuong, M.; Hainaut, O.; Rejkuba, M.; Sterzik, M.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(Terma GmbH) AD(ESO) AE(ESO) AF(ESO) AG(ESO) AH(ESO) AI(Terma GmbH) AJ(ESO) AK(ESO) AL(Terma GmbH) AM(Terma GmbH) AN(Terma GmbH) AO(ESO) AP(ESO) AQ(ESO)
Abstract:
Scientific data collected at ESO’s observatories are freely and openly accessible online through the ESO Science Archive Facility. In addition to the raw data straight out of the instruments, the ESO Science Archive also contains four million processed science files available for use by scientists and astronomy enthusiasts worldwide. ESO subscribes to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship. All data in the ESO Science Archive are distributed according to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC BY 4.0).
References:
Arnaboldi, M. et al. 2011, The Messenger, 144, 17; Le Bouquin, J.-B. et al. 2011, A&A, 535, A67; Murphy M. T. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 482, 3458; Spiniello, C. & Agnello, A. 2019, A&A, 630, A146; Stoehr, F. et al. 2022, The Messenger, 187, 25; Wilkinson, M. D. et al. 2016, Sci. Data, 3, 160018

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5339
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...34P
Section:
Telescopes and Instrumentation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Pritchard, J.; Coccato, L.; Freudling, W.; Smette, A.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(ESO) AD(ESO)
Abstract:
The removal of absorption features due to Earth’s atmosphere is a fundamental and delicate process in the reduction of spectroscopic observations, in particular in the near- and mid-infrared. In this paper we present the new graphical user interface of Molecfit, a package that aims to model the full atmospheric transmission by fitting key absorption features in spectra.
References:
Freudling, W. et al. 2013, A&A, 559, A96; Kausch, W. et al. 2015, A&A, 576, A78; Smette, A. et al. 2015, A&A, 576, A77

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5340
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...37L
Section:
Telescopes and Instrumentation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
López-Fernández, I.; Gallego, J.D.; Diez, C.; Malo, I.; Amils, R.I.; Tan, G.H.
AA(Yebes Observatory, Spain) AB(Yebes Observatory, Spain) AC(Yebes Observatory, Spain) AD(Yebes Observatory, Spain) AE(Yebes Observatory, Spain) AF(ESO)
Abstract:
This article reports on the evolution in designing state-of-the-art cryogenic, wideband, low-noise amplifiers as used in the intermediate frequency stages of ALMA receivers. The most recent designs are presented which demonstrate exceptional bandwidth and noise performance; those are crucial in enabling the planned ALMA Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade.
References:
Carpenter, J. et al. 2019, arXiv: 1902.02856; Carpenter, J. 2022, ALMA Memo 621; Cha, E. et al. 2018, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory & Techn., 66, 4860; Friis, H. T. 1946, Proc. IRE, 34, 254; López-Fernández, I. et al. 2006, IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Symp. Digest, 1907; Nilsson, P. A. et al. 2014, IEEE Compound Semicond. Integr. Circuit Symp., 1; Pospieszalski, M. W. 2005, IEEE Microw. Mag., 6, 62; Quertier, B. et al. 2021, The Messenger, 184, 20; Tan, G. H. et al. 2004, The Messenger 118, 18; Zeng, L. et al. 2018, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory & Techn., 66, 2154

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5341
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...42E
Section:
Telescopes and Instrumentation
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Emerson, J.; Ivanov, V.D.; Szeifert, T.; Haeussler, B.; Muñoz Mateos, J.C.; Rejkuba, M.; Arnaboldi, M.; Petr-Gotzens, M.G.; Hilker, M.; Irwin, M.; Cross, N.
AA(Queen Mary University of London, UK) AB(ESO) AC(ESO) AD(ESO) AE(ESO) AF(ESO) AG(ESO) AH(ESO) AI(ESO) AJ(Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit, University of Cambridge, UK) AK(Wide Field Astronomy Unit, Royal Observatory Edinburgh, UK)
Abstract:
The VISTA InfraRed CAMera (VIRCAM) at the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) made its last observation on the night of 5/6 March 2023 after more than a decade of infrared surveys. Its place at VISTA’s focal plane is soon to be taken by the 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST) working in the visible region. Here we look back and summarise the experience gained and the great legacy of VIRCAM.
References:
Arnaboldi, M. et al. 2007, The Messenger, 127, 28; Arnaboldi, M. et al. 2008, The Messenger, 134, 42; Arnaboldi, M. et al. 2010, The Messenger, 139, 6; Arnaboldi, M. et al. 2017, The Messenger, 168, 15; Beccari, G. et al. 2022, Proc. SPIE, 12186, 121860N Bierwirth, T. et al. 2010, Proc. SPIE, 7737, 77370W Comerón, F. et al. 2012, The Messenger, 147, 2; Dalton, G. B. et al. 2010, Proc. SPIE, 7735, 77351J Emerson, J. et al. 2004, The Messenger, 117, 27; de Jong, R. S. et al. 2019, The Messenger, 175, 3; González-Fernández, C. et al. 2018, MNRAS, 474, 5459; Minniti, D. et al. 2010, New Ast., 15, 433; Sutherland, W. et al. 2015, A&A, 575, A25

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5342
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...47G
Section:
Astronomical News
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
de Gregorio-Monsalvo, I.; Hilker, M.; Leibundgut, B.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(ESO)
Abstract:
Twenty-five years ago, on 25 May 1998, a significant milestone was reached for ESO and for European astronomy as the Very Large Telescope (VLT) captured its first images. On the occasion of its first light, the 8-metre Unit Telescope UT1 offered impressive images of our Universe. These included a successful tracking test in the globular cluster Omega Centauri, detailed images of the central region of another globular cluster, Messier 4, the fine structure of the Butterfly Nebula, high-velocity ejecta near Eta Carinae, and a captivating picture showcasing stars, dust, and gas in Centaurus A.
References:
Giacconi, R. 1997, The Messenger 87, 1

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5343
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...50G
Section:
Astronomical News
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Guglielmetti, F.; Mérand, A.; Wittkowski, M.; Tychoniec, L.; González-Torà, G.; Zwaan, M.A.; Andreani, P.; De Breuck, C.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(ESO) AD(ESO) AE(ESO) AF(ESO) AG(ESO) AH(ESO)
Abstract:
Supported by the EU-funded Opticon RadioNet Pilot (ORP), the VLTI and ALMA Synthesis Imaging Workshop was held at ESO Headquarters on 9–12 January 2023. The hybrid format of the workshop allowed one hundred registered participants from six continents to gather, bringing with them a wide range of expertise: theorists, observers and data scientists. The need for such a broad range of skills originates in the workshop’s focus on interferometric image-reconstruction algorithms applied to data from instruments across the optical/infrared and millimetre/radio domain, allowing the diverse communities to build synergies and explore innovative techniques applicable to both regimes. The three-day workshop was organised into six topics, each followed by discussion. Four distinguished lecturers established a shared understanding of data analysis processes (including data characteristics, handling and reduction) and presented innovative techniques employing artificial intelligence used by the two communities. Traditional imaging methods, as well as techniques for morphology fitting and other popular tools and methods, were presented and discussed by keynote speakers. Given the nature and goals of the workshop, most of the speakers were invited. ORP supported a number of speakers as well as students to allow growth within a young community in the rapidly evolving area of image analysis.
References:
Arras, P. et al. 2022, Nature Astronomy, 6, 259; Baron, F. & Kloppenborg, B. 2010, Proc. SPIE, 7734, 7734D Baron, F., Monnier, J. D. & Kloppenborg, B. 2010, Proc. SPIE, 7734, 77342l Bohn, A. J. et al. 2022, A&A, 658, A183; Buscher, D. F. 1994, IAUS, 158, 91; CASA Team et al. 2022, PASP, 134, 114501; Carpenter, J. et al. 2023, Proc. of the 7th Chile- Cologne-Bonn Symposium, 304, arXiv:2211.00195; Cornwell, T. J. & Evans, K. F. 1985, A&A, 143, 77; Delli Veneri, M. et al. 2023, MNRAS, 518, 3407; Dewdney, P. E. et al. 2009, Proc. IEEE, 97, 1482; Di Mascolo, L. et al. 2023, Nature, 615, 809; Guglielmetti, F. et al. 2022, Phys. Sci. Forum, 5, 50; Thiébaut, É. & Young, J. 2017, JOSAA, 34, 904; Tychoniec, Ł. et al. 2022, Phys. Sci. Forum, 5, 52

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5344
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...56M
Section:
Astronomical News
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Mérand, A.; Cirasuolo, M.; Díaz Trigo, M.; Leibundgut, B.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(ESO) AD(ESO)
Abstract:
The observation of protoplanetary discs and exoplanets is a relatively recent and rapidly evolving research field. Many questions are still being posed, driven by both observations and theoretical developments. Discs and exoplanets now constitute a central observational field in astrophysics, and one of the main motivations for ESO and its community to build the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Extremely Large Telescope. They are also behind many recent and future developments at the Paranal and La Silla observatories. A workshop was held at ESO Headquarters in November/December 2022 to reflect on the role of ESO facilities (present and future) in this landscape.
References:
ALMA Partnership et al. 2015, ApJL, 808, L3; Mérand, A. & Leibundgut, B. 2019, The Messenger, 177, 67; Nielsen, L. D. & Seidel, J. V. 2022, The Messenger, 187, 8; Pepe, F. et al. 2004, A&A, 423, 385

DOI:
10.18727/0722-6691/5345
ADS BibCode:
2023Msngr.191...58E
Section:
Astronomical News
Author(s)/Affiliation(s):
Bodensteiner, J.; Kaasinen, M.; Berton, M.
AA(ESO) AB(ESO) AC(ESO)