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La Organización de las Naciones Unidas acuerda abordar el impacto de las constelaciones de satélites en la astronomía

15 de Febrero de 2024

Delegaciones representantes de 102 países acordaron la semana pasada discutir el impacto de las grandes constelaciones de satélites en la astronomía en una reunión de la Comisión sobre la Utilización del Espacio Ultraterrestre con Fines Pacíficos (COPUOS) de la ONU.

Tras intensos debates, la Subcomisión de Asuntos Científicos y Técnicos de la COPUOS acordó agregar un tema a la agenda de los próximos cinco años para discutir los nuevos problemas y desafíos relacionados con las grandes constelaciones de satélites, incluidos aquellos relativos a los cielos oscuros y silenciosos y a la astronomía. Como máximo organismo de la ONU para asuntos relacionados con el espacio, la comisión se ocupa de todos los temas relacionados con la cooperación internacional y la exploración del espacio y los cuerpos planetarios, incluido el despliegue de satélites, la reducción de desechos espaciales, la sostenibilidad a largo plazo del espacio y el uso de franjas orbitales.

La propuesta liderada por Chile, estado anfitrión y socio de ESO, y España, estado miembro de ESO, (dos países que albergan una importante infraestructura astronómica internacional) fue informada por la comunidad astronómica y recibió un amplio apoyo de muchas delegaciones [1]. En los esfuerzos también participaron observadores permanentes de la comisión, como ESO, la Unión Astronómica Internacional (IAU), la Sociedad Astronómica Europea (EAS) y el Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO).

"Este es un momento significativo para la astronomía y la culminación de varios años de arduo trabajo y compromiso", sostuvo Andrew Williams, Funcionario de Relaciones Externas de ESO y representante de ESO en la COPUOS. "El tema de la agenda alentará a los gobiernos de varios países a actuar y aumentar el enfoque en la búsqueda de soluciones para proteger los cielos oscuros y silenciosos".

Richard Green, director interino del Centro para la Protección de Cielos Oscuros y Silenciosos contra la Interferencia de Constelaciones de Satélites (CPS) de la IAU, agregó: “Desde el lanzamiento de la primera constelación en 2019, hemos estado trabajando arduamente para crear conciencia sobre este problema entre todas las partes pertinentes y en todos los niveles. Es muy gratificante ver que las Naciones Unidas reconocen su importancia y acuerdan estudiar los problemas y desafíos que plantean las grandes constelaciones”.

Mila Francisco, diplomática chilena y representante suplente ante la Oficina de la ONU en Viena, declaró: “Para Chile es muy importante proteger las inversiones públicas internacionales en infraestructura astronómica, muchas de las cuales albergamos en Chile. Ha sido muy valiosa la interacción con los astrónomos para comprender sus preocupaciones y discutirlas con otras delegaciones con un espíritu de compromiso y acordar así un camino a seguir”. Chile es socio de ESO desde hace muchos años y alberga todos los observatorios de la organización.

Ahora, el tema provisional de la agenda se presentará ante la comisión en pleno para su aprobación en junio. La inclusión de un tema específico en la agenda abrirá más tiempo para discusiones en profundidad entre las delegaciones, con el objetivo final de elaborar y acordar recomendaciones que serán adoptadas por los Estados miembros de la ONU.

Este reciente éxito refleja el creciente reconocimiento de la importancia de preservar los cielos oscuros y silenciosos para la investigación astronómica y el patrimonio cultural de la humanidad, y la importancia de mitigar el impacto de las grandes constelaciones de satélites en la astronomía observacional.


Notas

[1] Argentina, Austria, Bélgica, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, República Checa, Dinamarca, Ecuador, Alemania, Italia, Reino de los Países Bajos, Paraguay, Perú, Eslovaquia, Sudáfrica, España, Suiza.

Enlaces

Contactos

Andrew Williams
ESO External Relations Officer
Garching bei München, Germany
Tel.: +49 89 320 062 78
Email: awilliam@eso.org

Bárbara Ferreira
ESO Media Manager
Garching bei München, Germany
Tel: +49 89 3200 6670
Email: press@eso.org

 

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