Meddelande
Astronomiska experiment under den totala solförmörkelsen på La Silla
10 juni 2019
Den 2 juli 2019 kommer en total solförmörkelse att vara synlig från ESO:s La Sillaobservatorium i Chile. För att fira detta sällsynta astronomiska fenomen öppnar La Silla sina dörrar för inte mindre än 1000 besökare. Observatoriets sedvanliga bemanning kommer också att vara på plats för att bedriva astronomiska observationer. Dessa forskargrupper kommer att dra nytta av La Sillas unika läge och utrustning på nya sätt för att ta tillvara de unika möjligheter som förmörkelsen erbjuder.
ESO har accepterat sju observationsprojekt för både professionell och utåtriktad verksamhet under förmörkelsen. Några av grupperna kommer att använda existerande teleskop på La Silla, som NTT, ExTrA, TAROT och REM, medan andra kommer att iordningställa temporär utrustning som drar nytta av La Sillas infrastruktur.
Det finns en lång tradition att utnyttja totala solförmörkelser för vetenskapliga studier, inklusive tidiga observationer av solatmosfären och den berömda bekräftelsen av relativitetsteorin som gjordes av Eddington 1919. Däremot är det mycket ovanligt att en total solförmörkelse är synlig från ett stort astronomiskt observatorium. Under de senaste femtio åren har detta skett vid endast två tillfällen – 1961 vid L’Observatoire de Haute-Provence i Frankrike och 1991 vid Mauna Kea på Hawaii.
Under denna förmörkelse kommer astronomerna att studera ett stort antal olika fenomen. Det kommer attt bedrivas allt från klassisk solförmörkelseforskning som studier av solatmosfären och tester av relativitetsteorin till mer ovanliga experiment som att observera Merkurius extremt förtunnade "atmosfär", exosfären, som förberedelse inför ESA:s BepiColombomission till planeten.
| Gruppens namn | Partnerinstitution(er) | Primärt mål |
| CesaR | ESA/ESAC | Vetenskapliga observationer av solatmosfären och jordens jonosfär, observationer för utåtriktad verksamhet och utbildning. |
| ExTrA | IPAG | Test av ExTrA-teleskopet på en transit av mycket ovanligt slag. |
| OPC NTT | Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris–CNRS, Sorbonne Universities och Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale/Université Paris-Sud | Spektrografiska observationer av solkoronan med NTT och observationer med hög tidsupplösning av koronan med ett litet teleskop. NTT-observationerna är en förbättring av de som gjordes 1991 vid Mauna Keaobservatoriet. |
| PACA_SolPol19 | Space Science Institute | Mäta linjärpolarisationen i solens K-korona samt utåtriktad verksamhet. |
| REM | INAF | Avbildning av förmörkelsen i olika våglängder för att höja medvetenheten av italienska teleskop på La Silla. |
| TAROT | IRAP | Upprepa Eddingtons experiment från 1919 för att testa relativitetsteorins förutsägelser. |
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