The Dumbbell Nebula

The Dumbbell Nebula ­— also known as Messier 27 or NGC 6853 — is a typical planetary nebula and is located in the constellation Vulpecula (The Fox). The distance is rather uncertain, but is believed to be around 1,200 light-years. It was first described by the French astronomer and comet hunter Charles Messier who found it in 1764 and included it as no. 27 in his famous list of extended sky objects [2] .Despite its class, the Dumbbell Nebula has nothing to do with planets. It consists of very rarified gas that has been ejected from the hot central star (well visible on this photo), now in one of the last evolutionary stages. The gas atoms in the nebula are excited (heated) by the intense ultraviolet radiation from this star and emit strongly at specific wavelengths.

This image is the beautiful by-product of a technical test of some FORS1 narrow-band optical interference filtres. They only allow light in a small wavelength range to pass and are used to isolate emissions from particular atoms and ions. In this three-colour composite, a short exposure was first made through a wide-band filtre registering blue light from the nebula. It was then combined with exposures through two interference filtres in the light of double-ionized oxygen atoms and atomic hydrogen. They were colour-coded as “blue”, “green” and “red”, respectively, and then combined to produce this picture that shows the structure of the nebula in “approximately true” colours.

They are three-colour composite based on two interference ([OIII] at 501 nm and 6 nm FWHM — 5 min exposure time; H-alpha at 656 nm and 6 nm FWHM — 5 min) and one broadband (Bessell B at 429 nm and 88 nm FWHM; 30 sec) filtre images, obtained on September 28, 1998, during mediocre seeing conditions (0.8 arcsec). The CCD camera has 2048 x 2048 pixels, each covering 24 x 24 µm and the sky fields shown measure 6.8 x 6.8 arcminutes and 3.5 x 3.9 arcminutes, respectively. North is up; East is left.

Credit:

ESO/I. Appenzeller, W. Seifert, O. Stahl, M. Zamani

About the Image

Id:eso9846a
Type:Observation
Release date:7 October 1998
Related releases:eso9846
Size:2044 x 2042 px

About the Object

Name:Dumbbell Nebula, M 27, Messier 27, NGC 6853
Type:Milky Way : Nebula : Type : Planetary
Distance:1200 light years
Constellation:Vulpecula
Category:Nebulae

Image Formats

Large JPEG
1.7 MB
Screensize JPEG
258.8 KB

Zoomable


Wallpapers

1024x768
262.0 KB
1280x1024
446.2 KB
1600x1200
744.2 KB
1920x1200
1.0 MB
2048x1536
1.1 MB

Coordinates

Position (RA):19 59 36.41
Position (Dec):22° 43' 16.00"
Field of view:6.76 x 6.82 arcminutes
Orientation:North is 0.0° left of vertical

Colours & filters

BandWavelengthTelescope
Optical
u
361 nmVery Large Telescope
FORS1
Optical
B
429 nmVery Large Telescope
FORS1
Optical
Oiii
501 nmVery Large Telescope
FORS1
Optical
HeII
472 nmVery Large Telescope
FORS1
Optical
R
655 nmVery Large Telescope
FORS1
Optical
H-alpha
656 nmVery Large Telescope
FORS1