Scharf, schärfer, DSHARP ...
Diesmal zeigt das Bild der Woche 20 spektakuläre protoplanetare Scheiben die im Laufe des ersten „großen Programms“ von ALMA aufgenommen wurden, dem Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). In einer gezielten Beobachtungsaktion, in der über mehrere Monate viele Stunden an Datenmaterial gesammelt wurden, haben Forscher zwanzig protoplanetare Scheiben in unserer kosmischen Nachbarschaft aufgenommen, um mehr über die Frühstadien der Planetenbildung zu erfahren. Und diese gewaltige Datenmenge aus dem Projekt wurde nun freigegeben.
Schon lange hat man vermutet, dass sich Planetensysteme wahrscheinlich aus sogenannten protoplanetaren Scheiben bilden – verdichtete Scheiben, Spiralen oder Ellipsen aus Gas und Staub, die sich um Protosterne in ihren frühen Entwicklungsphasen bilden. Der Vorgang, wie aus diesen diffusen Staubscheiben Planeten entstehen, blieb aber bislang nur ungenügend geklärt. Besonders das Verständnis der frühesten Phase dieser Entwicklung ist sehr schwierig, wenn der Staub der Scheibe sich zu Planetesimalen zusammenklumpt, die dann sozusagen die Saatkörner für die späteren Planeten bilden.
Die Astronomen wissen bereits, dass der erste Wachstumsschub eines Planeten, von einzelnen Staubkörnern zu einem Körper mit ein paar Kilometern Durchmesser, in einer für astronomische Verhältnisse sehr kurzen Zeit ablaufen muss. Doch das Fehlen von Beobachtungsdaten hat es bisher schwer gemacht, die genauen physikalischen Abläufe dieser Phase zu verstehen. Zum Glück hat sich das nun mit der Fertigstellung neuer Teleskope wie ALMA geändert.
Endlich können die Astronomen nun hoffen, genau vorhersagen zu können, welche Art von Planetensystem sich aus einer bestimmten Scheibe entwickeln wird. Das DSHARP-Programm bringt uns diesem Ziel einen Schritt näher, indem es uns einen detailierten Blick auf die Unterstrukturen ermöglicht (die verschiedenen Muster aus dunklen und hellen Ringen und Spiralen, die man auf den Bildern erkennt) und hilft uns so, deren Bedeutung zu verstehen.
Bildnachweis:ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), S. Andrews et al.; NRAO/AUI/NSF, S. Dagnello
Über das Bild
| ID: | potw1904a |
| Sprache: | de-ch |
| Typ: | Zusammenstellung |
| Veröffentlichungsdatum: | 28. Januar 2019 06:00 |
| Größe: | 6896 x 8620 px |
Über das Objekt
| Typ: | Milky Way : Star : Circumstellar Material : Disk : Protoplanetary |
Bildformate
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