Planeta jovem faz uma cena
Aninhado na jovem região de formação estelar Ophiuchus, a 410 anos-luz de distância do Sol, um disco protoplanetário chamado AS 209 está lentamente a tomar forma. Esta bela imagem foi capturada com o telescópio de alta resolução ALMA e revela um curioso padrão de anéis e espaços vazios na poeira que circunda a estrela jovem.
Os discos protoplanetários são discos planos em rotação, que se encontram repletos de gás e poeira densos e que rodeiam estrelas recentemente formadas. São os reservatórios da matéria que um dia se transforma em planetas, satélites e outros corpos menores em órbita da respectiva estrela. Com menos de 1 milhão de anos de idade, este sistema é muito jovem, no entanto podemos ver já dois espaços vazios que estão a ser claramente abertos no disco.
O espaço vazio mais exterior é profundo, largo e essencialmente uma zona livre de poeira, o que leva os astrónomos a pensar que um planeta gigante, quase com a mesma massa de Saturno, está a orbitar neste lugar — a cerca de 800 minutos-luz da estrela central, o que corresponde a mais de três vezes a distância entre Neptuno e o Sol! À medida que o planeta “limpa” o seu caminho, a poeira acumula-se na periferia exterior da sua órbita, dando origem a anéis muito bem definidos. O espaço vazio mais fino e interior pode ter sido formado por um planeta mais pequeno, mas os astrónomos levantam a intrigante possibilidade do planeta maior e mais distante ter de facto criado os dois espaços vazios que se vêem na imagem.
Este planeta do tipo de Saturno situado tão distante da estrela central coloca-nos interessantes questões sobre a formação de planetas na periferia de discos protoplanetários em escalas de tempo particularmente curtas.
Link:
Créditos:ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)/ D. Fedele et al.
Sobre a imagem
| Id: | potw1809a |
| Língua: | pt |
| Tipo: | Observação |
| Data de divulgação: | 26 de Fevereiro de 2018 às 06:00 |
| Tamanho: | 2000 x 2000 px |
Sobre o objeto
| Nome: | AS 209 |
| Tipo: | Milky Way : Star : Circumstellar Material : Disk : Protoplanetary |
| Distância: | 400 anos-luz |
| Constellation: | Ophiuchus |
Formatos de imagens
Papéis de parede
Coordenadas
| Position (RA): | 16 49 15.29 |
| Position (Dec): | -14° 22' 9.04" |
| Field of view: | 0.06 x 0.06 arcminutes |
| Orientação: | O norte está a 180.1° à direita da vertical |
Cores e filtros
| Banda | Comprimento de onda | Telescópio |
|---|---|---|
| Milímetro 230 GHz | 1.3 mm | Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 6 |
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