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Firmato l'accordo per MAORY, un sistema di ottiche adattive per E-ELT

10 Dicembre 2015

È stato firmato l'accordo tra l'ESO e un consorzio internazionale [1] per il progetto e la costruzione del sistema di ottiche adattive MAORY, che verrà installato all'E-ELT (European Extremely Large Telescope).

L'accordo è stato firmato da Nicolò D'Amico, Presidente dell'Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF, Italia), in rappresentanza del consorzio, e da Tim de Zeeuw, Direttore Generale dell'ESO, durante una cerimonia svoltasi al Quartier Generale dell'ESO a Garching bei München, Germania, il 10 dicembre 2015. Era presente anche il Responsabile di MAORY, Emiliano Diolaiti (INAF).

Tra i partecipanti anche il Console Generale italiano, Renato Cianfarani, e Roberto Tamai, Responsabile della gestione dell'E-ELT per l'ESO. Tra i partecipanti, Paolo Ciliegi (Responsabile del Progetto MAORY per l'INAF), Philippe Feautrier (ricercatore di MAORY per IPAG), Filippo Maria Zerbi (Responsabile nazionale della Divisione della Direzione Scientifica dell'INAF per la Gestione dei progetti da terra) insieme con Giovanni Fabrizio Bignami, membro italiano del Consiglio dell'ESO.

MAORY, o Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY, permetterà agli strumenti dell'E-ELT che operano nel vicino infrarosso, come MICADO, la camera di primai generazione dell'E-ELT, di utilizzare per le osservazioni l'ottica adattiva con stella di guida laser.

MAORY analizza in dettaglio la luce di sei stelle guida laser e tre stelle guida naturali per calcolare i precisi movimenti da applicare agli specchi deformabili che si trovano nel cammino ottico tra l'oggetto celeste e lo strumento scientifico.

Modificando, in modo minuto ma molto veloce, la forma degli specchi, si possono eliminare gli effetti di distorsione prodotti dall'atmosfera sulle sorgenti astronomiche. Come risultato le immagini ricevuto dal rivelatore sono molto più nitide e ciò ci permette di rivelare dettagli molto piccoli delle sorgenti celesti. Le ottiche adattive permettono anche di osservare sorgenti più deboli, per esempio galassie più distanti, poichè la luce che arriva sulla camera scientifica è più concentrata. MAORY perciò permetterà alla camera ad alta risoluzione MICADO di raggiungere i suoi ambiziosi traguardi scientifici.

MAORY è progettato per avere tre specchi deformabili, uno dei quali è il massiccio specchio quaternario del telescopio, da 2,4 m di diametro. Gli altri specchi deformabili saranno posti all'interno di MAORY stesso. Usando più di uno specchio deformabile, MAORY può compensare per la turbolenza che si verifica nei diversi strati dell'atmosfera, a differenti altitudini. L'effetto finale per l'astronomo, se paragonato con un sistema di ottica adattiva più semplice, è che si migliora l'immagine su un campo di vista molto più grande.

MAORY sfrutterà l'esperienza del MAD (Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics Demonstrator) che ha dimostrato la fattibilità della tecnologia di MAORY sul VLT (Very Large Telescope) dell'ESO. MAORY ha benificiato anche di studi di sviluppo per molti anni, sia all'ESO che nella comunità scientifica in generale, così come del lavoro attuale sul Sistema di ottica adattiva del VLT. Permetterà all'E-ELT di sfruttare a pieno la propria posizione come il più grande occhio del mondo rivolto verso il cielo.

Notes

[1] Il consorzio di MAORY è composto dall'Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (Italia) e dall'Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Francia).

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Immagini

Agreement signed for E-ELT MAORY adaptive optics system
Agreement signed for E-ELT MAORY adaptive optics system
soltanto in inglese
Agreement signed for E-ELT MAORY adaptive optics system
Agreement signed for E-ELT MAORY adaptive optics system
soltanto in inglese
Agreement signed for E-ELT MAORY adaptive optics system
Agreement signed for E-ELT MAORY adaptive optics system
soltanto in inglese

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