VLTI havaitsee uudelleen suurinta koskaan löydettyä keltaista hyperjättiläistä

Tämä klöntti ei kummoiselta näytä, mutta se esittää huomionarvoista tähteä nimeltä V766 Centauri (lyhennettynä V766 Cen) ja sen läheistä seuralaista. ESO:n VLTI-interferometriä (Very Large Telescope Interferometer) käyttäneet tutkijat luokittelivat sen ja tutkivat sitä ensimmäistä kertaa muutama vuosi sitten, jolloin sen havaittiin olevan keltaiseksi hyperjättiläiseksi kutsuttua massiivisten ja kirkkaiden tähtien tyyppiä, jotka ovat äärimmäisen harvinaisia – ja äärimmäisen suuria! Yli 1400 kertaa Auringon halkaisijan koollaan V766 Cen ei ole pelkästään suurin koskaan löydetty tämän tyyppinen tähti, vaan myös yksi kymmenestä suurimmasta koskaan havaitusta tähdestä.

Viimeaikainen tutkimus on kuitenkin ehdottanut, että V766 Cen on todennäköisesti juuri hyperjättiläiseksi tuloa edeltävässä elämänvaiheessa: se on kehittynyt punainen superjättiläinen, joka menettää massaa niin nopeasti, että se muuttuu lopulta lyhyeksi aikaa takaisin lämpimämmäksi keltaiseksi superjättiläiseksi. Oli niin tai näin, tähti on todellinen jättiläinen/kolossi ja valtavan kiinnostava tiedemiehille, jotka haluavat tietää enemmän tästä tähtien poikkeuksellisesta elämänvaiheesta.

Tutkijaryhmä on nyt käyttänyt VLTI:tä uudelleen tutkiakseen V766 Cen –tähteä vielä yksityiskohtaisemmin. Käyttäen järjestelmän neljää aputeleskooppia ja VLTI-interferometriin kytkettyä instrumenttia nimeltä PIONIER (Precision Integrated-Optics Near-infrared Imaging ExpeRiment), ryhmä kuvasi V766 Centauria ja sen läheistä seuralaista vaikuttavan yksityiskohtaisesti. He havaitsivat seuralaisen olevan kumppaniaan pienempi ja viileämpi – todennäköisesti viileä jättiläinen tai superjättiläinen, joka säde on noin 650 kertaa Auringon säde. Läheisten seuralaisten uskotaan olevan tyypillisiä massiivisille tähdille ja tärkeitä tähtien kehittymisprosesseissa.

Tämä Viikon kuva esittää V766 Cen:iä nähtynä kolmen eri ajanjakson aikana. Nämä kuvat sisältävät itse asiassa sekä V766 Cen:in ja sen seuralaisen – ensimmäisessä kuvassa seuralainen on V766 Cen:in takana, mutta toisessa ja kolmannessa kuvassa seuralainen on menossa sen edestä ja näkyy kirkkaana laikkuna.

Linkit

Oikeudet:

ESO/M. Wittkowski (ESO)

Kuvasta

Tunnistus:potw1740a
Kieli:fi
Tyyppi:Kokoelma
Julkaisupäivä:2. lokakuuta 2017 6:00
Koko:984 x 416 px

Kohteesta

Nimi:HR 5171
Tyyppi:Milky Way : Star : Evolutionary Stage : Red Supergiant
Milky Way : Star : Grouping : Binary
Etäisyys:12000 valovuotta

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Värit ja suotimet

KaistaAallonpituusTeleskooppi
Infrapuna1.59 μmVery Large Telescope Interferometer
PIONIER
Infrapuna1.58 μmVery Large Telescope Interferometer
PIONIER
Infrapuna1.58 μmVery Large Telescope Interferometer
PIONIER
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