De perfectie met DSHARP en ALMA
De foto van deze week toont 20 spectaculaire protoplanetaire schijven vastgelegd door ALMA’s eerste grote programma DSHARP (Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project. In het kader van een doelgerichte waarnemingsactie die vele uren aan gegevens omvat verzameld gedurende verscheidene maanden, fotografeerden onderzoekers 20 nabije protoplanetaire schijven om meer te weten te komen over de vroegste stadia van planeetvorming en de duizelingwekkende hoeveelheid data van het project is nu verschenen.
Reeds geruime tijd wordt aangenomen dat planetaire systemen mogelijk hun oorsprong vinden in zogenaamde protoplanetaire schijven ‒ gecomprimeerde cirkels, spiralen of ellipsen van gas en stof die rondom protosterren worden gevormd in de vroegste stadia van hun ontwikkeling. Toch heeft men nog niet zo’n goed inzicht in het proces waardoor planeten uit deze diffuse schijven ontstaan. Vooral de vroegste fase in hun evolutie is bijzonder moeilijk te begrijpen ‒ wanneer het stof binnenin een schijf zich samenvoegt tot planetesimalen die dan bij wijze van spreken de zaadkorrels voor de toekomstige planeten vormen.
Astronomen weten dat de eerste groeispurt van een planeet, van afzonderlijke stofkorrels tot een hemellichaam met een diameter van enkele kilometer, naar astronomische maatstaven op zeer korte tijd gebeurt, maar het gebrek aan observatiegegevens maakt het bijzonder moeilijk de fysica van deze groei te bepalen. Gelukkig is dit nu veranderd door de oprichting van nieuwe telescopen zoals ALMA.
Op termijn hopen astronomen om nauwkeurig te kunnen voorspellen wat voor soort planetair systeem uit een bepaalde schijf zal evolueren. Het DSHARP-programma brengt ons een stap dichter bij dit doel door een gedetailleerd beeld van de substructuren te verschaffen (de gevarieerde patronen van donkere en lichte cirkels en spiralen die je in elke schijf kan zien) ‒ en helpt ons zo inzicht te krijgen in de betekenis ervan.
Het verhaal wordt volgende week vervolgd. Dit is de eerste Foto van de Week in een reeks van drie gewijd aan recente ontdekkingen van DSHARP.
Credit:
ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), S. Andrews et al.; NRAO/AUI/NSF, S. Dagnello
Over de afbeelding
| Id: | potw1904a |
| Taal: | nl-be |
| Type: | Collage |
| Publicatiedatum: | 28 januari 2019 06:00 |
| Grootte: | 6896 x 8620 px |
Over het object
| Type: | Milky Way : Star : Circumstellar Material : Disk : Protoplanetary |
Image Formats
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