El Telescopio del VLT de próxima generación para Lanzamiento de Láser

Este telescopio es un importante componente nuevo de la Four Laser Guide Star Facility (Instalación de Cuatro Estrellas Guía Láser), que hará más nítida la ya excelente visión del Very Large Telescope (VLT) de ESO. Cuatro potentes láseres de 20 watts, disparados a una altura de 90 kilómetros arriba en la atmósfera, ayudarán al VLT a corregir la distorsión de fotografías causada por la turbulencia en el aire. La Organización Holandesa para Investigación Científica Aplicada (TNO) está desarrollando los telescopios de lanzamiento a través de los cuales los rayos láser serán disparados. El primero de estos telescopios de lanzamiento de láser – conocido como Montaje de Tubo Óptico – se ve aquí en la sala limpia del Laboratorio Van Leeuwenhoek de TNO en Delft, Holanda, habiendo recientemente pasado su Revisión de Aceptación. Una capa especial anti-reflejos le da al lente en el telescopio un tono azul distintivo. La fotografía fue tomada por Fred Kamphues, quien aparece a la izquierda. Él es administrador del proyecto para el Montaje de Tubo Óptico, y es también un nuevo Embajador Fotográfico de ESO. A la derecha está Rens Henselmans, ingeniero de sistema.

La Four Laser Guide Star Facility es parte de la futura generación del Complejo de Óptica Adaptativa, a ser instalada en 2013 en la Cuarta Unidad de Telescopio del VLT, Yepun. Los sistemas de óptica adaptativa rápidamente ajustan un espejo deformable para contrarrestar el efecto distorsionador de la turbulencia atmosférica – el mismo efecto que hace que las estrellas centelleen – en tiempo real. Para hacer esto, usan una estrella guía como referencia, puesto que la estrella debiera aparecer como un punto nítido cuando el efecto de la atmósfera se elimina. Esto le permite al telescopio tomar fotografías casi tan nítidas como si estuviera en el espacio.

ESO ha guiado el camino en sistemas de óptica adaptativa, habiéndola usado por más de 20 años en sus telescopios. El primero de esos sistemas en el VLT fue instalado hace algo más de diez años (ver eso0137). A comienzos de 2006, la tecnología fue mejorada con el primer empleo de una estrella guía láser en el VLT. La unidad proyecta un rayo láser de alta potencia hacia el cielo, que estimula una capa de átomos de sodio a una altura de 90 kilómetros en la atmósfera y los hace brillar. Este punto brillante actúa como una estrella guía artificial que luego puede ser posicionada a voluntad en el cielo, de modo que los astrónomos no estén restringidos a observaciones cerca de una estrella guía natural suficientemente brillante (eso0607).

La Four Laser Guide Facility de próxima generación empleará cuatro de tales estrellas artificiales, para mejorar la eliminación de la turbulencia atmosférica a través de un campo visual más amplio. La tecnología también servirá como campo de prueba antes de la construcción del futuro European Extremely Large Telescope, que también tendrá múltiples unidades de estrellas guía láser.

Enlaces

Crédito:

ESO/TNO/Fred Kamphues

Sobre la imagen

Identificador:potw1149a
Idioma:es
Tipo:Fotográfico
Fecha de publicación:5 de Diciembre de 2011 a las 10:00
Tamaño:2848 x 4288 px

Sobre el objeto

Nombre:4LGSF Optical Tube Assembly 1
Tipo:Unspecified : Technology : Observatory : Telescope

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