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ESO adjudica contrato para el pulido del espejo terciario del ELT
15 de Febrero de 2017
El Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) de ESO, cuya primera luz está prevista para el año 2024, se encuentra en la vanguardia de la tecnología de telescopios. Su sistema óptico está compuesto por no menos de cinco espejos separados, cada uno de los cuales supondrán un enorme desafío para la ingeniería.
ESO ha adjudicado el contrato para el pulido del tercer espejo en la trayectoria de su luz, denominado M3, a la empresa francesa Reosc [1], una filial de Safran Electronics & Defense. Recibirán la pieza en blanco de parte de SCHOTT y diseñarán el espejo y su sistema de montaje, pulirán la superficie y llevarán a cabo todas las pruebas ópticas necesarias antes de su entrega final [2]. Reosc también se adjudicó los contratos para el diseño, pulido y prueba del espejo secundario del telescopio, en julio de 2016, como también para la fabricación de los espejos delgados deformables que constituirán el cuarto espejo (M4) del ELT.
El M3 será un espejo cóncavo gigante de 3.8 metros, una magnitud equivalente al espejo primario de varios telescopios de primer orden hoy en día. Esta característica es inusual, ya que la mayoría de los grandes telescopios actuales, como el Very Large Telescope de ESO y el NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope utilizan solamente dos espejos curvos y, a veces, utilizan un espejo terciario plano para redirigir la luz hacia un punto determinado. La superficie curva del M3 trabajará en conjunto con el espejo primario y secundario, logrando una mejor calidad de imagen sobre un gran campo visual.
El elemento estructural del espejo, previo a la aplicación de la capa reflectante, será de un sofisticado material denominado Zerodur™ proporcionado por SCHOTT [3]. Posteriormente, la forma y el pulido del espejo se llevarán a cabo con una precisión de 15 nanómetros.
Notas
[1] Reosc, una filial de Sagem, empresa de alta tecnología perteneciente al grupo Safran, es líder mundial en el diseño, producción e integración de óptica de alto rendimiento, incluyendo campos como la astronomía, el espacio y los láseres de alta energía, además de la industria de los semiconductores. La empresa también construyó los espejos de 8 metros de envergadura de una sola pieza para el Very Large Telescope de ESO, como también para el telescopio internacional Gemini, el espejo de 11 metros del Gran Telescopio de Canarias, espejos para el instrumento europeo Nirspec instalado en el Telescopio Espacial James Webb de NASA y los espejos para la sonda espacial GAIA de la ESA.
[2] El contrato para la fabricación y pulido del espejo M2 a partir de una pieza preformada en blanco se adjudicó el 18 de enero de 2017.
[3] El Zerodur™ se desarrolló originalmente para telescopios astronómicos a fines de la década de 1960. Prácticamente no sufre dilatación térmica, inclusive bajo enormes fluctuaciones de temperatura. El material es químicamente muy resistente y puede pulirse con un alto nivel de acabado. La capa reflectante en sí, de aluminio o plata, generalmente se vaporiza sobre la superficie extremadamente lisa poco antes de que el telescopio se ponga en funcionamiento. Muchos telescopios conocidos con espejos de Zerodur han estado operando correctamente durante décadas. Incluyen, por ejemplo, el Very Large Telescope de ESO en Chile.
Enlaces
- Información adicional acerca del ELT
- Información adicional acerca de Safran Electronics & Defense
- ESOcast 84: Desvelado el nuevo diseño del E-ELT
- Reosc se adjudica contrato para los espejos adaptativos del ELT
- ESO firma contrato para el pulido del espejo secundario del ELT
Contactos
Marc Cayrel
ESO Garching bei München, Alemania
Tel:+49 89 3200 6685
Correo electrónico: mcayrel@eso.org
Peter Grimley
Asistente del Encargado de Prensa de ESO
Garching bei München, Alemania
Tel: +49 89 3200 6383
Email: pgrimley@partner.eso.org
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