Colonos em La Silla
Apesar de atualmente ser bastante comum ver astrónomos no deserto chileno do Atacama, estes não são de modo nenhum os primeiros a chamar casa a esta região.
Apesar do deserto ser agora bastante seco e inóspito, houve uma altura em que a chuva era abundante e a flora era mais diversa. Esta região acolheu várias civilizações humanas, desde a cultura El Molle que floresceu entre 700 e 800 DC, até às civilizações Las Ánimas (800-1200) e Diaguita (1200 a meados do século XV). No seguimento das conquistas incas peruanas do século XV, a cultura local tornou-se um misto de Inca e Diaguita, cultura esta que perdurou até à conquista espanhola nos anos 1530, a qual levou à destruição desta cultura e acabou por completo com os habitantes indígenas do Atacama.
Sinais do passado podem ainda ser encontrados na região que rodeia o Observatório de La Silla do ESO, sob a forma de várias rochas com desenhos gravados — petróglifos — com mais de mil anos, muito provavelmente pertencentes ao complexo El Molle. Enquanto alguns desenhos representam pessoas e animais, normalmente lamas, a maioria mostra figuras geométricas abstractas, incluindo rectângulos, desenhos em forma de labirintos, círculos e circunferências com raios.
Dois exemplos destes últimos podem ser vistos nesta Fotografia da Semana do ESO. Estas duas rochas foram encontradas num dos locais mais ricos em petróglifos, situado muito perto do telescópio de 3,6 metros do ESO, o qual podemos ver no topo da montanha na imagem. Esta fotografia foi obtida pelo Embaixador Fotográfico do ESO Babak Tafreshi. Foi publicado na revista trimestral do ESO, The Messenger, um artigo sobre os vários petróglifos encontrados na região que circunda La Silla, no seguimento de um rastreio fotográfico e topográfico detalhado de gravuras nas rochas, levado a cabo em 1990.
ESO/B. Tafreshi
Sobre a imagem
| Id: | potw1723a |
| Língua: | pt |
| Tipo: | Fotográfico |
| Data de divulgação: | 5 de Junho de 2017 às 06:00 |
| Tamanho: | 15903 x 6439 px |
Sobre o objeto
| Nome: | Chile |
| Tipo: | Unspecified |
Formatos de imagens
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