Nova imagem do cometa ISON
Esta nova imagem do cometa C/2012 S1 (ISON) foi obtida com o telescópio nacional belga TRAPPIST, instalado no Observatório de La Silla do ESO na manhã de sexta-feira, dia 15 de novembro de 2013. O cometa ISON foi inicialmente descoberto no céu em setembro de 2012 e fará a sua maior aproximação ao Sol em finais de novembro de 2013.
O telescópio TRAPPIST tem vindo a monitorizar o cometa ISON desde meados de outubro, com o auxílio de filtros de banda larga, usados nesta imagem. Têm também sido utilizados filtros especiais de banda estreita que isolam a emissão de vários gases, permitindo aos astrónomos saber a quantidade de moléculas de cada tipo de gás libertadas pelo cometa.
O cometa ISON manteve-se relativamente calmo até 1 de novembro de 2013, altura em que uma primeira libertação de matéria duplicou a quantidade de gás emitida pelo cometa. No dia 13 de novembro, mesmo antes desta imagem ter sido obtida, deu-se uma segunda libertação intensa de gás, aumentando a atividade do cometa de um factor dez. O cometa é agora suficientemente brilhante para poder ser visto com um bom par de binóculos a partir de um sítio escuro no céu da madrugada em direção a este. Durante as últimas duas noites, o cometa estabilizou neste novo nível de atividade.
Estas libertações de matéria foram causadas pelo intenso calor do Sol que, à medida que o cometa se aproxima, atinge o gelo no núcleo minúsculo do cometa, fazendo com que este sublime e que sejam lançadas para o espaço enormes quantidades de poeira e gás. Na altura em que o ISON fizer a sua maior aproximação ao Sol a 28 de novembro (chegando a uns meros 1,2 milhões de quilómetros da sua superfície - apenas um pouco menos do diâmetro do Sol!), o intenso calor fará com que ainda mais gás vá sublimar. No entanto, este processo poderá, igualmente, dar origem à fragmentação do núcleo em muitos pedaços, que já estariam completamente evaporados na altura em que o cometa se afastasse do intenso calor solar. Se o ISON sobreviver à sua passagem perto do Sol, poderá então tornar-se espectacularmente brilhante no céu matinal.
Esta é uma imagem composta por quatros exposições diferentes de 30 segundos cada uma, obtidas através dos filtros azul, verde, vermelho e infravermelho próximo. À medida que o cometa se desloca em frente às estrelas de fundo, estas estrelas aparecem-nos como múltiplos pontos coloridos.
O telescópio TRAPPIST (TRAnsiting Planets and Planetesimals Small Telescope - telescópio pequeno para planetas em trânsito e planetesimais) dedica-se ao estudo dos sistemas planetários de dois modos: detecção e caracterização de planetas situados fora do Sistema Solar (exoplanetas) e estudo de cometas que orbitam em torno do Sol. Trata-se de um telescópio nacional belga de 60 cm, que está a ser operado a partir de uma sala de controlo em Liège, Bélgica, a 12 000 km de distância.
TRAPPIST/E. Jehin/ESO
Sobre a imagem
| Id: | potw1346a |
| Língua: | pt |
| Tipo: | Observação |
| Data de divulgação: | 18 de Novembro de 2013 às 11:00 |
| Tamanho: | 1957 x 1925 px |
Sobre o objeto
| Nome: | C/2012 S1 (ISON) |
| Tipo: | Solar System : Interplanetary Body : Comet |
Formatos de imagens
Papéis de parede
Cores e filtros
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