Anúncio
Acordo para construir receptores de Banda 1 para o ALMA
A visão da rede ALMA vai ser aumentada de modo a incluir comprimentos de onda entre os 6 e os 8,5 milímetros
1 de Julho de 2016
O Conselho do Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) aprovou a produção de receptores de Banda 1, desenvolvidos por uma equipa internacional liderada pela Academia Sinica do Instituto de Astronomia e Astrofísica (ASIAA) da Ilha Formosa, Leste Asiático. Quando instalados no telescópio estes receptores poderão detectar radiação nos comprimentos de onda entre os 6 e os 8,5 milímetros [1], abrindo assim uma janela para o hemisfério sul a estes comprimentos de onda.
O Cientista do Observatório ALMA, John Carpenter, descreveu os principais motivos para o uso da Banda 1 como sendo “sondar a evolução de grãos de poeira à medida que os planetas se formam nos discos circumstelares; e detectar gás molecular em galáxias da época da reionização”. Com os novos receptores, o observatório ficará ainda melhor equipado para observar o Universo a elevado desvio para o vermelho.
De modo a capturar-se radiação de distantes fontes cósmicas num grande intervalo de comprimentos de onda nas regiões do milímetro e submilímetro do espectro electromagnético, cada antena ALMA está equipada com vários receptores diferentes, cada um operando dentro de uma região específica de comprimentos de onda. Até à data, sete dos dez receptores planeados foram já instalados em cada antena ALMA. Espera-se a entrega de um total de 73 novos receptores de Banda 1, cobrindo os comprimentos de onda entre os 6 e os 8,5 milímetros, a partir de agora e até ao final de 2019. Os receptores irão sendo instalados à medida que forem chegando, prevendo-se que a instalação fique completa no primeiro trimestre de 2020.
O desenvolvimento dos receptores de Banda 1 para o ALMA demorou cerca de 10 anos. Durante os últimos 8 anos o projeto tem sido liderado pelo ASIAA, acompanhado por uma equipa internacional constituída pelo Observatório Astronómico Nacional do Japão, pela Universidade do Chile, pelo Observatório Nacional de Rádio Astronomia dos EUA, pelo Instituto de Astrofísica Herzberg do Canadá e pelo Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Chung-Shan da Ilha Formosa.
“O facto do Conselho do ALMA ter aprovado a Banda 1 confirma o excelente nível técnico de todos os membros desta parceria,” diz Ricardo Finger da equipa da Banda 1, do Centro de Astrofísica e Tecnologias Associadas da Universidade do Chile, que será responsável por dois componentes da óptica: a antena de buzina e uma lente de Fresnel.
Notas
[1] As bandas do ALMA são numeradas por ordem crescente de frequência. A Banda 1, com a menor frequência, corresponde aos maiores comprimentos de onda.
Mais informação
O ALMA, uma infraestrutura astronómica internacional, é uma parceria entre o ESO, a Fundação Nacional para a Ciência dos Estados Unidos (NSF) e os Institutos Nacionais de Ciências da Natureza (NINS) do Japão, em cooperação com a República do Chile.
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