Fingerabdruck des Universums
Die massereichsten Galaxien im Universum enthalten Supermassereiche Schwarze Löcher in ihrem Zentrum. Diese wahrhaft kolossalen Schwarzen Löcher fressen die umgebende Materie mit erstaunlicher Geschwindigkeit, wobei sie gigantische Mengen an Strahlung abgeben und zu den hellsten Objekte im gesamten Universum gehören! Trotz ihrer unglaublich großen Entfernung von der Erde strahlt die Umgebung dieser Schwarzen Löcher genauso hell wie die hellsten Objekte in unserer eigenen Galaxis, der Milchstraße.
Einige dieser Objekte, bekannt unter dem Namen Quasi-stellare Objekte oder kurz Quasare, erweisen sich als nützliche Hilfsmittel beim Studium des Kosmos. Da sie so extrem weit weg sind, liegt reichlich viel Raum zwischen ihnen und unseren Teleskopen. Dieser Raum ist nicht völlig leer; er ist erfüllt mit dem intergalaktischen Medium, das größtenteils aus Gaswolken besteht – hauptsächlich aus Wasserstoff und Helium, aber auch mit Spuren anderer Elemente – die teils das Licht der dahinterliegenden Quellen absorbieren und es daran hindern, uns zu erreichen. Das Licht, das von hellen Quasaren ausgeht muss solche Wolken auf ihrer Reise zu uns passieren und wird daher teilweise absorbiert.
Dieses Spektrum, das vom UVES-Instrument am Very Large Telescope der ESO in Chile aufgenommen wurde, zeigt das Licht eines Quasars mit der Bezeichnung HE0940-1050 nachdem es solche Wolken durchlaufen hat. Die senkrechten Linien sind Merkmale der Absorption – sie zeigen, bei welcher Wellenlänge Licht vom intergalaktischen Medium absorbiert und somit vom ursprünglichen Quasarspektrum entfernt wurde. Die Intensität dieser Linien steht in direkter Beziehung zur Materiemenge, die der Lichtstrahl durchquert hat. Durch die Analyse dieser Linien kann man vielerlei Informationen über die Materie erhalten, aus dem die Wolken bestehen. Der besondere Wert dieses Spektrums liegt in den schwachen Linien, die die schwächsten sind, die jemals in einem Quasarspektrum beobachtet wurden.
Herkunftsnachweis:ESO
Acknowledgements: V. D’Odorico (Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Italy)
Über das Bild
| ID: | potw1649a |
| Sprache: | de |
| Typ: | Zusammenstellung |
| Veröffentlichungsdatum: | 5. Dezember 2016 06:00 |
| Größe: | 5951 x 5210 px |
Über das Objekt
| Name: | HE0940-1050 |
| Typ: | Early Universe : Galaxy : Activity : AGN : Quasar Early Universe : Galaxy : Component : Central Black Hole |
| Entfernung: | z=3.0 (Rotverschiebung) |
Bildformate
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