Meddelelse
Ny planetjæger på ESOs La Sillaobservatorium
1. september 2017
Et nyt kraftigt instrument, NIRPS (Near Infra Red Planet Searcher) skal installeres på ESO 3,6-meter teleskopet på La Sillaobservatoriet i Chile. Instrumentet bygges af et internationalt samarbejde [1] under fælles ledelse af Institute for Research on Exoplanets (iREx) ved Université de Montréal og astronomiafdelingen ved Université de Genève. NIRPS er en infrarød spectrograf til måling af radialhastigheder med høj præcision. Instrumentet er beregnet til at finde jordlignende klippeplaneter omkring de koldeste af stjernerne.
Den formelle aftale om at tilføje NIRPS til det sæt af instrumenter, som findes til ESO-teleskoperne, blev underskrevet af Tim de Zeeuw, ESOs generaldirektør, af Marie-Josée Hébert, vicerektor for forskning, opdagelse, opfindelse og innovation ved Université de Montréal og Michel Oris, vicerektor for Université de Genève.
NIRPS kommer til at komplettere instrumentet HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher) , som for tiden er installeret på ESO 3,6-meter teleskopet på La Sillaobservatoriet i Chile. HARPS er Verdens mest produktive instrument til jagt på exoplaneter med radialhastighedsmetoden, og det har revolutioneret vores opfattelse af exoplanetsystemer. NIRPS bliver HARPS' "røde forlængede arm", så teleskopets kapacietet bliver strakt ud i det infrarøde. Det gør det muligt for astronomerne at bestemme yderligere detaljer ved planetsystemer end tidligere. ESO afsætter 725 observationsnætter over en femårig periode til NIRPS-holdet.
Hovedformålet med NIRPS er at bruge radialhastighedsmetoden til at opdage og karakterisere exoplaneter, som kredser omkring røde kolde lette stjerner af M-typen. Især skal NIRPS finde jordlignende klippeplaneter, som kan rumme liv. M-stjerner er af særlig interesse fordi variationerne i radialhastighed fra omkredsende planeter er større for lette stjerner end for de tunge, sollignende stjerner, så det gør arbejdet med at finde dem lettere. Det gælder også de eventuelle exoplaneter, som befinder sig i den beboelige zone. NIRPS arbejder i infrarødt lys fordi det meste af lyset fra de små kolde stjerner udsendes i dette bølgelængdeområde. For de røde stjerner, som er de almindeligste i Solens nabolag, vil NIRPS formentlig kunne levere data, som er mindst lige så nøjagtige som dem, man i øjeblikket indhøster med HARPS-instrumentet.
NIRPS forventes at se first light i sidste kvartal af 2019.
Note
[1] Samarbejdet består af:OMM og iREx ved Université de Montréal i Canada; Astronomiafdelingen ved universitetet i Genève i Schwiez; Université de Grenoble-Alpes i Frankrig; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias i Spanien; NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics i Victoria, Canada; Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Univ. of Porto, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia in Brazil; og the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil.
Mere information
Den første fase i NIRPS-projektet omfatter installationen af en ny Cassegrain-adapter, som skal erstatte den, som for tiden er monteret på ESO 3,6-meter teleskopet. Denne nye enhed vil kunne give adaptiv optik, og den vil blive taget i brug med HARPS-spektrografen. I mellemtiden bliver NIRPS samlet og afprøvet i Canada, hvorefter det instrument bliver integreret med den nye Cassegrainadapter på teleskopet.
Links
Kontakter
Ole J. Knudsen
ESON-Danmark, Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Aarhus Universitet
tlf 8715 5597
mobil 4059 4520
e-mail eson-denmark@eso.org
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