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Observatorio La Silla de ESO adquirirá el instrumento de vanguardia SOXS
8 de Octubre de 2018
ESO ha firmado un convenio con un consorcio internacional encabezado por INAF, el Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica de Italia, para construir y operar un instrumento espectrográfico de vanguardia conocido como Son Of X-shooter, SOXS [1]. Desde el 2017 se está trabajando en el diseño de este innovador instrumento, de tal forma SOXS podría instalarse en La Silla a principios del 2020.
SOXS se instalará en el New Technology Telescope (NTT) de 3,58 metros del Observatorio La Silla en Chile, en reemplazo a SOFI, un instrumento muy productivo y reconocido de ESO, que ha estado operativo por más de 20 años. Diseñado como una instalación espectroscópica única, SOXS estudiará fuentes transitorias siguiendo detonantes y alertas provenientes de telescopios, satélites y detectores en todo el mundo.
SOXS brindará observaciones de seguimiento espectroscópicas vitales para muchos sondeos transitorios, y está destinado a convertirse en el principal instrumento de seguimiento de fuentes transitorias del hemisferio sur. El novedoso y altamente especializado diseño del instrumento asegurará que este tendrá prácticamente la misma sensibilidad que su antecesor, X-shooter, pese a ser instalado en un telescopio mucho más pequeño.
Los transitorios son eventos astronómicos que, como el nombre lo indica, son visibles por un corto período de tiempo. Lo que incluye algunos de los fenómenos astrofísicos más fascinantes como las supernovas y estallidos de ondas gravitacionales. Es fundamental que a estos detonantes se les haga un seguimiento en cuestión de horas, y hasta en minutos, con instalaciones espectroscópicas especializadas como SOXS. Las fuentes transitorias están siendo descubiertas a un ritmo impresionante, que solo aumentará gracias a los futuros telescopios de sondeo, haciendo de la combinación del instrumento SOXS y del NTT una herramienta astronómica absolutamente necesaria para capturar estos eventos fugaces en longitudes de onda que van desde la ultravioleta hasta el infrarrojo cercano.
Desde su nuevo hogar en el NTT del Observatorio La Silla, SOXS hará un seguimiento de una variedad de eventos transitorios astronómicos en todas las escalas de distancia y de todas las ramas de la astronomía. Sus objetivos incluirán alertas rápidas provenientes de telescopios espaciales (como estallidos de rayos gamma) o detectores de ondas gravitacionales, alertas de medio plazo (como supernovas y eventos transitorios de rayos X), monitoreo a largo plazo de fuentes variables (como blazares, y sistemas binarios cataclísmicos), espectroscopia de tránsito de planetas extrasolares o eventos puntuales como el paso cercano de cuerpos menores recién descubiertos. Además de su impresionante capacidad para estudiar eventos transitorios, SOXS también podrá realizar observaciones rutinarias de objetos que son simplemente demasiado brillantes para ser observados por otros instrumentos como X-shooter.
Se espera que el instrumento SOXS vea su primera luz durante el 2020, y que empiece a funcionar el 2021. El contrato prevé 5 años de operación con una posible extensión por otros 5 años.
Notas
[1] SOXS (Son of X-shooter) es la evolución del instrumento X-Shooter instalado en el VLT. El consorcio de SOXS lo componen: INAF (Italia), el Instituto Weizmann de Ciencias: (Israel), la Universidad Andrés Bello y el Instituto Milenio de Astrofísica (Chile), la Universidad de Turku & FINCA (Finlandia), la Universidad de la Reina de Belfast (Reino Unido), la Universidad de Tel Aviv (Israel), y Instituto Niels Bohr (Dinamarca).
Enlaces
Contactos
Hans-Ulrich Käufl
ESO
Garching bei München, Germany
Tel: +49 89 3200 6414
Email: hukaufl@eso.org
Sergio Campana
INAF – Osservatorio astronomico di Brera
Via E. Bianchi 46
Merate (LC) – I-23807, Italy
Tel: +39 02 72320418
Email: sergio.campana@brera.inaf.it
Calum Turner
ESO Public Information Officer
Garching bei München, Germany
Tel: +49 89 3200 6670
Cell: +49 151 1537 3591
Email: pio@eso.org
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