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Autorización de los primeros instrumentos para el E-ELT

10 de Julio de 2015

Luego de recibir las recomendaciones del Comité de Finanzas (FC) y del Comité Técnico Científico (STC) de ESO, el Consejo de ESO autorizó al Director General a firmar los contratos para el primer conjunto de instrumentos del E-ELT. Estas enormes e innovadoras herramientas para analizar la luz recogida por el telescopio gigante permitirán al E-ELT abordar una amplia gama de interrogantes astronómicas poco después de su finalización. Las decisiones se basaron en extensos aportes provenientes de las comunidades astronómicas de los Estados Miembros de ESO.

Este paquete de instrumentación comprende un generador de imágenes en infrarrojo cercano con capacidad espectroscópica (MICADO), una unidad de Óptica Adaptativa Multi-Conjugada (MAORY), la que alimentará a MICADO (y posiblemente a otros futuros instrumentos adicionales); un espectrógrafo de campo integral (HARMONI), en conjunto con el desarrollo de su sistema de óptica adaptativa de tomografía láser a un nivel de revisión del diseño preliminar; además de un espectrómetro y generador de imágenes en infrarrojo medio (METIS).

MICADO, junto a MAORY, permitirá aplicar la máxima resolución del telescopio a diversas áreas de investigación modernas. Un factor clave en el diseño del instrumento es la precisión astrométrica. Mediciones tan específicas de las posiciones de los objetos permitirán, entre otros proyectos, seguir las órbitas de las estrellas presentes alrededor del agujero negro ubicado en el centro de nuestra galaxia con una exactitud sin precedentes.

HARMONI llevará a cabo observaciones en 3D de objetos astronómicos a escalas que van desde las órbitas planetarias a galaxias completas. Un ejemplo del potencial de un instrumento como este, es que HARMONI nos permitirá comprender la formación y evolución de las galaxias desde los primeros tiempos de la historia del Universo hasta nuestros días.

El instrumento METIS, el que funciona en longitudes de onda más largas, también tendrá una gran variedad de aplicaciones en todas las ramas de la astronomía. Este proporcionará un nexo de un valor incalculable para los astrónomos que deseen seguir los descubrimientos realizados con el Telescopio Espacial James Webb, entregando un detalle espacial y una información dinámica muy superiores a los obtenidos desde el espacio.

La elección de las capacidades científicas del E-ELT fue un esfuerzo colectivo basado en reuniones y talleres especiales y en el trabajo de los equipos científicos de los estudios de la Fase A de los instrumentos llevadas a cabo durante el diseño de la Fase B del E-ELT. El Grupo de Trabajo Científico (SWG, por sus siglas en inglés) de la Subcomisión de Ciencia e Ingeniería del E-ELT (ESE, por sus siglas en inglés), perteneciente al STC, contribuyó a establecer los objetivos científicos (science case) finales, desarrollando las prioridades científicas y la secuencia de instrumentos. Estos se condensaron en una hoja de ruta de instrumentación que formó parte de la propuesta de construcción del E-ELT. Después de la finalización de la Fase B, el equipo científico del proyecto perfeccionó y terminó cada uno de los requisitos.

La construcción de estos instrumentos está incluida dentro de la Fase 1 del programa del E-ELT, aprobada por el Consejo en diciembre de 2014.

Contactos

Lars Lindberg Christensen
Jefe del Departamento de Educación y Difusión de ESO
ESO ePOD, Garching, Alemania
Tel: +49 89 3200 6761
Cel: +49 173 3872 621
Correo electrónico: lars@eso.org

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Identificador:ann15056

Imágenes

The first E-ELT instruments
The first E-ELT instruments
solo en inglés
HARMONI
HARMONI
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ELT Nasmyth focus
ELT Nasmyth focus
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