ALMA onderzoekt een Kosmische Kwal
Met behulp van de nauwkeurige ogen van het Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) en ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), hebben astronomen de tentakels van een kosmische kwal in kaart gebracht: een aantal knoestige gasstromen die naar buiten spuwen vanuit een spiraalvormig sterrenstelsel genaamd ESO 137-001.
Dit hemelse neteldier wordt hier getoond in prachtig detail. De verschillende elementen waaruit dit beeld bestaat, werden vastgelegd door verschillende telescopen. Het sterrenstelsel en zijn omgeving werden vastgelegd door de Hubble ruimtetelescoop van NASA en ESA. De tentakels, die stromen van waterstof volgen en verschijnen in tinten van helder paars, werden vastgelegd door het MUSE instrument op de VLT. Heldere hotspots van koolstofdioxide-uitstoot vanuit het systeem, die verschijnen als oranjerode vlekken, werden gespot door ALMA.
Deze staart wordt veroorzaakt door een dramatisch fenomeen genaamd “ram-pressure stripping”. De ruimte tussen sterrenstelsels in een cluster is niet leeg, maar gevuld met materiaal dat zich gedraagt als een viskeuze vloeistof. Wanneer een sterrenstelsel zich door deze omgeving beweegt, zorgt de weerstand ervoor dat gas uit het sterrenstelsel wordt weggestript. Hierdoor worden prachtige, complexe systemen gevormd, zoals hier te zien rondom ESO 137-001, die zich in het Norma Cluster bevindt. De richting en positie van de staart brengen informatie aan het licht over de manier waarop het sterrenstelsel beweegt. Sterrenstelsels vallen meestal richting het centrum van hun cluster.
Deze afbeelding is de eerste hogeresolutiekaart van het koude moleculaire gas dat zich verschuilt in een systeem gestript door ram-pressure. ESO 137-001 is een van de dichtstbijzijnde kwalsterrenstelsels, en is bijzonder interessant omdat zijn lange, uitgerekte gasstaarten “vuurballen” bevatten: uitbarstingen van stervorming. De exacte mechanismen die bepalen hoe sterren gevormd worden in de tentakels zijn nog onbegrepen, en deze kaart biedt nieuw inzicht in wat er voor nodig is om nieuwe sterren te vormen in zulke intense, veranderlijke omgevingen.
Het ALMA array bestaat uit 66 antennes, en staat op het Chajnantor plateau in de Chileense Atacamawoestijn, op een hoogte van 5000 meter. ALMA observeert de nachtelijke hemel vanaf deze afgelegen locatie om de geheimen te ontraadselen van hoe het heelal — en zijn gekke en wonderlijke bewoners, inclusief ESO 137-001 — gevormd en geëvolueerd zijn, waardoor meer onthuld wordt over onze kosmische oorsprong.
Credit:ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), P. Jachym (Czech Academy of Sciences) et al.
Over de afbeelding
| Id: | potw1939a |
| Taal: | nl-be |
| Type: | Observatie |
| Publicatiedatum: | 30 september 2019 06:00 |
| Grootte: | 3350 x 2291 px |
Over het object
| Naam: | ESO 137-001 |
| Type: | Local Universe : Galaxy : Type : Spiral |
| Constellation: | Triangulum Australe |
Wallpapers
Coordinates
| Position (RA): | 16 13 24.01 |
| Position (Dec): | -60° 45' 32.08" |
| Field of view: | 2.79 x 1.91 arcminutes |
| Orientation: | North is 80.9° right of vertical |
Kleuren & filters
| Band | Golflengte | Telescoop |
|---|---|---|
| Optisch U | 275 nm | Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 |
| Optisch g | 475 nm | Hubble Space Telescope ACS |
| Millimeter CO21 | 1.32 mm | Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 6 |
| Optisch I | 814 nm | Hubble Space Telescope ACS |
| Optisch H-alpha | 656 nm | Very Large Telescope MUSE |
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