Ein sehr hungriger Planet

Was auf diesem Bild der Woche aussieht wie eine Welle im Weltraum, zeigt einen neugeborenen Planeten, der sich seinen Weg durch seine staubige Wiege bahnt, während er seinen Mutterstern umkreist. Dieses mit dem Very Large Telescope (VLT) der ESO in Chile aufgenommene Bild ist die erste eindeutige Entdeckung eines Babyplaneten in einer Staubscheibe mit mehreren Ringen.

Diese sogenannten protoplanetaren Scheiben umgeben junge Sterne und erscheinen als scheibenförmige Strukturen aus Gas und Staub, oft mit Ringen wie auf diesem Bild. Sie sind der Geburtsort von Planeten, und man nimmt an, dass die Ringe auf die Anwesenheit von (hungrigen) Planeten in der Scheibe hindeuten. Zunächst beginnen sich kleine Partikel in der rotierenden Scheibe anzusammeln. Sie wachsen durch die Schwerkraft, entziehen der ursprünglichen Scheibe immer mehr Material und werden schließlich zu Planetenembryonen.

Die eindeutige Entdeckung des Planeten WISPIT 2b in diesem Bild ist ein wichtiger Schritt zu unserem Verständnis der Planetenentstehung. Der Planet hat etwa die fünffache Jupiter-Masse und sein Mutterstern ist eine jüngere Version unserer Sonne. Dies bestätigt auch die Annahme, dass Lücken durch neu entstandene Planeten entstehen können – eine bisher nur theoretische Vorhersage, die nun durch Beobachtungen bestätigt wurde.

Auf der Suche nach Sternsystemen, die junge Planeten beherbergen, hatte das Team unter der Leitung von Richelle van Capelleveen von der Universität Leiden in den Niederlanden in Zusammenarbeit mit Mitgliedern der Universität Galway und der University of Arizona das Glück, einen Planeten zu finden, der so jung ist, dass er noch in seiner Entstehungsscheibe eingebettet ist. Diese Entdeckung wurde nun in einem Fachartikel veröffentlicht. Sie wurde ermöglicht durch präzise Beobachtungen mit dem Planetenjäger-Instrument SPHERE am VLT. SPHERE blockiert das Licht des Zentralsterns und korrigiert atmosphärische Turbulenzen mit adaptiver Optik, wodurch es scharfe Bilder der Umgebung des Sterns liefert. Das MagAO-X AO-System der University of Arizona am 6,5-Meter-Magellan-Teleskop in Chile hat Wasserstoffgas entdeckt, das auf den Planeten fällt, und damit bestätigt, dass er Materie aus seiner Umgebung aufsammelt. Weitere Beobachtungen dieses Systems könnten neue Erkenntnisse darüber liefern, wie unser eigenes Sonnensystem in seinen Anfängen ausgesehen haben könnte.

Links 

Bildnachweis:

ESO/R. F. van Capelleveen et al.

Über das Bild

ID:potw2534a
Sprache:de-at
Typ:Beobachtung
Veröffentlichungsdatum:26. August 2025 12:00
Größe:2044 x 2040 px

Über das Objekt

Name:WISPIT 2b
Typ:Milky Way : Star : Circumstellar Material : Disk : Protoplanetary
Constellation:Aquila

Bildformate

Großes JPEG
727,5 KB

Skalierbar


Bildschirm-Hintergrundbilder

1024x768
193,6 KB
1280x1024
296,0 KB
1600x1200
405,4 KB
1920x1200
462,1 KB
2048x1536
573,1 KB

Koordinaten

Position (RA):19 23 17.03
Position (Dec):-7° 40' 55.07"
Field of view:0.11 x 0.11 arcminutes
Orientierung:Die Nordrichtung liegt 0.0° links zur Vertikale

Farben & Filter

SpektralbereichWellenlängeTeleskop

H
1.625 μm

H + Ks
1.9 μm

Ks
2.182 μm
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