Title: Titan unveiled through a 35-year synergy of ground and space observations

Abstract:
Over the past 35 years a suite of instruments onboard deep space planetary spacecraft, and 
space- and ground-based observatories have produced a detailed collective story regarding the 
captivating world of Titan, Saturn''s largest moon. Examples of these three classes of 
observatories are listed below.

1.	Deep space planetary missions. One example is Cassini/Huygens. Based on 
recorded data from Voyager 1, it was realized early on that near-IR wavelengths were needed in 
order to sound down to Titan''s lower atmosphere and the surface. We now know from Cassini 
that there are dunes, riverbeds, lakes at the poles, and rounded pebble-like rocks on the 
surface. 
2.	Space-based observatories. One example is ISO, which was responsible for the 
discovery of water vapor in Titan''s stratosphere. This detection supported the idea that water ice 
enters Titan''s atmosphere through meteoritic debris.
3.	Ground-based observatories. Two examples are IRAM and Keck. The former is 
responsible for discovering acetonitrile in Titan''s atmosphere and the latter is responsible for 
tracking tropospheric methane clouds in the near-IR with AO.

The above mentioned are just a few examples of the instrument suites that have been brought to 
bear on the understanding of the complex world of Titan. This presentation will focus on the 
collective knowledge gained about Titan from Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, Cassini, HST, ISO, 
Herschel, Keck, IRTF, and IRAM. Following the end of the Cassini Mission in September 2017, 
the next big advances in our understanding of Titan will come from ALMA and JWST. We will 
discuss the prospects for identifying new molecules in Titan''s atmosphere utilizing ALMA. We 
will exploit ALMA''s high spectral resolution to retrieve the vertical distribution of the numerous 
gases in Titan''s atmosphere. This will allow us to continue the study of seasonal variations on 
Titan post Cassini. 


Co-authors:
C.M. Anderson, R.E. Samuelson, G.L. Bjoraker, and E.F. Young