Title:The Two-Phase Paradigm for Assembling Galaxies and their Globular Cluster Systems Abstract: I will discuss the new paradigm for the assembly of galaxies and their globular clusters (GC) systems emerging from recent theoretical work and supported by our imaging and spectroscopic data from the SLUGGS and SMEAGOL surveys. Data obtained with Suprime-Cam on Subaru and DEIMOS on Keck are compared to a variety of simulations of galaxy build-up in the early universe. Kinematic signatures, as well as metallicity and surface density distributions of the GCs and the underlying galaxy starlight appear to support two-phase galaxy formation scenarios. Early "in situ" formation and subsequent minor mergers may be the dominant mechanisms for building galaxies and their GC systems. Later major mergers may have been important only in a small minority of cases.